Wananchi Opinion: Why some schools are getting CBC right

The implementation of the Competency-Based Curriculum (CBC) in Kenya has brought about significant changes in the education system.

While the CBC aims to focus on skill development, critical thinking, and hands-on learning, the success of its implementation varies widely across schools.

Notably, private primary and junior secondary schools have been more effective in adopting the CBC compared to public schools.

This disparity stems from differences in resources, class sizes, teacher training, and institutional flexibility as I have explained below:

Adequate Resources in Private Schools. One of the primary reasons private schools are excelling in CBC implementation is their access to better resources.

The CBC requires adequate teaching materials such as books, technology, and tools for practical activities.

Private schools invest heavily in acquiring these resources, ensuring their students engage in meaningful learning experiences.

For example, many private institutions have fully equipped science labs, art studios, and digital learning platforms that align with CBC's emphasis on practical and creative skills.

In contrast, public schools face chronic resource shortages. Overcrowded classrooms, outdated materials, and insufficient funding make it difficult for teachers to deliver CBC content effectively.

For instance, students in public schools often share textbooks, limiting their ability to engage with the curriculum independently.

Without the necessary tools, the hands-on learning and projects required by CBC become nearly impossible in public schools.

Smaller Class Sizes in Private Schools. Class size plays a crucial role in the effective implementation of CBC.

Private schools typically have smaller class sizes, allowing teachers to provide individualized attention to each learner.

Since CBC emphasizes student-centred learning, smaller classes enable teachers to assess each student’s progress, strengths, and areas for improvement.

They can also dedicate time to mentoring learners on their projects and practical assignments.

Public schools, on the other hand, are often overwhelmed by large class sizes. With some classrooms accommodating over 60 students, it becomes challenging for teachers to give each learner the attention required under CBC.

Managing such numbers limits the effectiveness of group discussions, practical activities, and personalized feedback, all of which are central to CBC.

Well-Trained Teachers in Private Schools. Private schools invest significantly in teacher training to equip their educators with the skills needed for CBC.

They often organize workshops, seminars, and continuous professional development programs to ensure teachers fully understand the curriculum's objectives and methodologies.

These training sessions help teachers incorporate innovative teaching strategies, such as inquiry-based learning and project-based assessments, that are critical to CBC.

In contrast, many public-school teachers struggle with inadequate training on CBC. Although the government has organized training programs, the sessions are often brief and fail to provide in-depth guidance.

Additionally, the large number of public-school teachers makes it difficult to provide consistent and comprehensive training for all.

As a result, some teachers in public schools remain unfamiliar with CBC's requirements, limiting its effective implementation.

Flexibility and Innovation in Private Schools. Private schools are more flexible and innovative in their approach to education.

Unlike public schools, which are bound by government protocols and limited budgets, private institutions have the autonomy to adapt quickly to changes in the curriculum.

This flexibility allows them to introduce creative programs that align with CBC, such as extracurricular activities, talent development workshops, and technology integration.

Public schools, on the other hand, are often constrained by bureaucratic processes. Delayed funding, rigid administrative structures, and resistance to change hinder the timely adoption of CBC.

For instance, many public schools lack the financial autonomy to invest in modern facilities or additional teaching staff, which are essential for CBC's success.

Parental Involvement and Support. CBC encourages active parental involvement in a child’s learning journey.

Private schools tend to have more engaged parents, who often contribute financially and participate in school activities.

This partnership between schools and parents enhances the overall learning experience, as parents provide the necessary support for home-based projects and assignments.

In contrast, public schools face challenges in fostering parental involvement, particularly in low-income areas.

Many parents in these regions lack awareness of CBC's requirements or the resources to support their children’s education.

This gap further widens the disparity between public and private schools in CBC implementation.

To ensure equitable access to quality education under CBC, the government must address the above stated disparities.

Increased funding for public schools, comprehensive teacher training, and initiatives to involve parents in the education process are essential steps.

By bridging the gap between private and public schools, Kenya can achieve the full potential of the Competency-Based Curriculum and provide all learners with the skills they need to succeed in the modern world.